Friday, December 20, 2019

The Evolution Of Public Health - 829 Words

The future of bacteriology is more important to us now than it has ever been. In this ever-changing world of modern technology and travel, it has become a containing emerging microbial pathogens is more worrisome than primal infectious agents. The history of public health shows us that we ve made great strides in reducing the burdens of infectious diseases from our society and thus chronic non-communicable diseases became our problem. Yet, we continue to see microbes fighting back. This is evident in our foods, waters, nosocomical infections, and bioterrorism, to name a few. Therefore, confronted with all these factors, it is impossible to determine how prepared we are for the next pandemic. Back in the early days of travel, it took months to travel across continents on food, animals, or boats, which means that if one is infected with a communicable disease, by the time it reach the unsuspecting populations, that individual is either dead or is no longer capable of infecting others. However, with modern day travel, it is possible to infect many within hours of days, such as in the SARS pandemic in the 90 s. This put us at a disadvantage, because we have no way of knowing the viral effects of an emerging disease. Another issue on the preparedness for the next pandemic, is the lackadaisical attitude of some individuals in society and the wealth of misinformation shared on social media, etc., by the non-scientific public. Ben Goldacre said it best in Bad Science . WeShow MoreRelatedEssay about Evolution of Community and Public Health Nursing1093 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Evolution of Community and Public Health Nursing NUR/405 University of Phoenix Material Evolution of Community and Public Health Nursing Event or Influence: 2001 No Child Left Behind Act Key health issues This law was signed into law by George W. Bush on January 8, 2002 (Frontline, 2013). 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Retail clinics have emerged to offer routine preventative and acute care services by non-physician providers, with predictable wait times, more convenient venues, and more obtainable prices. This article evaluates the evolution of the health care system and examinesRead MoreRunning Is the Purest Form of Exercise1446 Words   |  6 Pagesa result of the obesity epidemic - health and wellness has hit major media headlines - running in general has transformed into the most popular mode of exercise. The increasing popularity in running has brought more attention to the specific world of ultra running and researchers, health practitioners, and the media have become critics of the how running extreme distances can be detrimental to health. While many argue that ultra running will pose greater health risks for the competing individualsRead MoreThe Concept of Managed Healthcare810 Words   |  3 Pagesmanagement of all cases of high-cost health care. The managed health care programs are provided either by Preferred Provider Organizations or Health Maintenance Organizations (Sekhri,2000). Managed health care is a significant event in the evolution of the U.S and global healthcare systems (Dorsi,1995). In this paper, we explore how managed health care as a significant event, relates to the changes in health care. Managed health care and the evolution of U.S health care system A review of extant literature

Thursday, December 12, 2019

The Adirondacks Essay Example For Students

The Adirondacks Essay The Adirondacks are a group of mountains surrounded by many lakes and rivers, that cover over 5,000 square miles in the northeastern part of New York. There are a lot of large tourist villages on every lake. Motor boating and other water activities take place on almost every lake in the area. It is a vacation paradise for thousands. But, industrial emissions from Canada and the Ohio river valley always drift to this area and cause acid rain. This silent killer is destroying these beautiful lakes and their surrounding watersheds. Acid rain has an adverse effect on the lakes, and their surrounding watersheds, of the Adirondacks in New York State. Acid rain is defined as chemically polluted rainfall. Its causes are: coal burning plants, industrial factories, smelters, and car emissions. Its formed by water molecules combining with the sulfur dioxide emitted by the burning of coal and with nitrogen oxide from auto emissions. The result is an acidity level thats harmful to fish, wildlife, plants, and trees. Already, 1,200 lakes in the U.S. have been completely acidified so the lake water is unfit for human use and little or nothing can live in it. Such is the case in the Adirondacks, which are a group of mountains surrounded by many lakes and rivers. They cover over 5,000 square miles in the northeastern part of New York state. Its an area where large resort villages are around the Saranac river and Lake George. Lumbering and mining for iron and graphite go on in this area and it was once a place for major industry. Unfortunately, this is an area where acid rain has become a regular part of the water that flows through it. In recent years, acid rain hasnt really been in the news because people have felt that the problem has been taken care of so, therefore, its not around anymore. However there has been no evidence that the acidification of lakes in the Northeastern U.S. has stopped or even slowed down. The analysis of sediments from lakes in the Adirondacks has shown that acidity started rising in the 1930s and 40s and has been rising steadily ever since. There are two possible reasons for this. Scientists have been studying the chemistry of the rain and theyve discovered that while the deposition of sulfuric acid has decreased in the last two years, the deposition of nitric acid has increased. This means that the acidity of the rainfall hasnt really changed. Decades of acid deposition have affected the buffering capacity of sensitive watersheds so acidification in very sensitive lakes can continue even if acidity is decreased.Researchers have found that geology and weather contribute to the increased acid sensitivity at high altitudes. The rainfall and lakes collection of rain runoff tend to go up with the altitude in the Adirondacks. So higher lakes usually receive more acid rain. Also, these high altitude lakes tend to sit near thin soil leading to more acidity. All of this means that more fish kills will occur because the only life these lakes can support are water insects and yellow perch. With all these problems acid rain has made possible over the past fifty years, there are bound to be some solutions. A possible solution is liming. This form of treatment is named for the limestone commonly used in this procedure. It involves applying mineral powders or pellets directly into affected lakes and streams. It brings about an almost immediate and potentially revitalizing increase in ph. The water containing the buffering agent is flushed out of the system and is replace by untreated water. This replacement will occur after a year or two. This treatment also limes the land drai ning into the lakes and streams. Watershed liming would prevent the potential of toxic over buffering that has resulted from some of the poorly controlled lake treatments. This is the fastest remedy for surface-water acidification and most effective method known because of its chemical neutralization. .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42 , .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42 .postImageUrl , .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42 , .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42:hover , .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42:visited , .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42:active { border:0!important; } .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42:active , .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42 .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u59a13b485e1bc218b9c385b047dc3d42:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Civil Disobedience EssayLimestone can also prevent acidification. If a lake had a large deposit of lime on its bottom, then it would be difficult for it to ever become too acidic. One example of a lake with a limestone bottom is Lake George, near the northeastern New

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Porters Five Forces Model free essay sample

These five forces are helpful in developing a businesses international strategy. Like anything else developed there are limitations to the model techniques. This paperwork will briefly discuss the Five Forces model and how it can be applied to today’s organizations. Imagine yourself as a boxing coach. Your trainee is beating U. S competitors with ease. You decide he is ready for an international fight. You are preparing for a huge fight against an international champion. What are some of the steps you would take to ensure your fighter is ready? You wouldn’t send them into the ring unprepared for the battle. As a coach with an ambition to succeed you would want to ensure you develop a strategy that will prepare your fighter to be in the best position to win. In my opinion, Porter’s Five Forces model is similar to the scenario I provided above. It will assist an organization (fighter) in determining the strength of the organization (fighter) as it strives to uphold a competitive status. 2) Threat of rivalry: Apple also does not have to worry too much about the threat of rivals. This was not the case prior to the introduction of the iPod and iPhone. Before the iPod and iPhone came along, most organizations within the consumer electronics industry put forth relentless efforts of RD in order to introduce a product that was both new to the market and very unique. The problem for most organisations in this industry is that Apple had the most success with this before other firms. Once Apple introduced the iPod and iPhone, it quickly rose to the top and gained the advantage on rivals such as Samsung. Of course, it didnt stop there for Apple, as the company continuously innovated and introduced new products to the market such as the iPad. 3) Threat of substitute products or services: It is evident that a simple smart phone could be viewed as a substitute to the iPhone, a simple mp3 player to the iPod, and a Samsung tablet to the iPad. Apple dominates in such great fashio because the company has achieved economies of scale, enabling it to produce at a lower cost, and Apple simply markets better than its competition. Apples brand equity and brand recognition is so high and well known that it further establishes an advantage over its substitute competitors. It is true that there are substitutes readily available, but Apple has done such a phenomenal job marketing its products that its customer perceives its products to be better quality and better value to that of its competitors. 4) The bargaining power of suppliers: Considering that there are many organisations operating in the consumer electronics industry, organisations tend to be more elastic with respect to suppliers. If a given supplier were to increase its prices, an organization would likely seek out an alternative supplier, since there are so many firms within the industry. It must be noted, however, that suppliers in this industry have some power with respect to what they are supplying. The fact that the suppliers are supplying unique and highly differentiated materials is what gives them such power. Their ability to supply such unique and differentiated materials gives the suppliers some bargaining power. 5) The bargaining power of customers: The threat of buyers, is really no threat to Apple. For starters, Apple has millions of buyers, some of which are large corporations. Secondly, Apples products are both unique and differentiated, illustrating the power of buyers is lower. In this case, Apple does have the ability to increase its prices on some of its products because of the unique product offering and due to the fact that the majority of its products are well differentiated from the competition. It is important, however, for Apple to ensure that the price increase is not too drastic or some customers may begine seeking altenatives. Importance: Five Forces Model Porters five forces model determine a companys competitive environment, which affects profitability. The bargaining power of buyers and suppliers affect a small companys ability to increase prices and manage costs, respectively. For example, if the same product is available from several suppliers, then buyers have bargaining power over each supplier. However, if there is only one supplier for a particular component, then that supplier has bargaining power over its customers. Low-entry barriers attract new competition, while high-entry barriers discourage it.