How Indonesia Plays An Important Role In Asean Politics Essay

How Indonesia Plays An Important Role In Asean Politics Essay Indonesia is a prosperous nation among the 11 nations in Southeast Asia, Indonesia is representing the biggest economy in Southeast Asia just as the biggest market to draw in the speculators from different locales. As should be obvious Indonesias condition these days is extremely incredible just as success. In any case, Indonesia has strayed numerous challenges, for example, used to heavily influenced by the Dutch and Japanese and war with the Dutch. On 17 August 1945, the freedom of Indonesia was proclaimed by Sukarno, yet the Dutch dismissed the assertion of autonomy, at that point the Dutch reoccupied Indonesia in 1946. In any case, the administration of Indonesia rewarded to the reoccupation of the Dutch since youngsters of Indonesia got an incredible military preparing during the Japanese occupation. At long last the Dutch gave completely autonomy to Indonesia in 1949, and afterward Sukarno was allocated to be the primary leader of autonomous Indonesia. He brought another approach into the political arrangement of Indonesia which was called Guided Democracy, at that point the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) tried an upset, yet it was squashed in the 1965. Suharto was appointed to be the second leader of Indonesia in the 1967, and he assumed responsibility for the military and the administration __Authoritarianism. Since there was an oil ban in 1973, the cost of the oil quadrupled. Likewise Indonesia was one of the univers es biggest providers of Oil, they truly appreciated picking up profits by that time. Suharto was relegated to be the leader of Indonesia for the subsequent commands. Until 2004 Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is chosen to be the leader of Indonesia. Prior to the rise of ASEAN, the Association of Southeast Asia (ASA) was shaped up by Thailand, the Philippines, and the league of Malaya with Prime Minister Rahman of Malaya was the initiator, however it fizzled in view of the political deputes between individuals countries. At that point on August 5 1967, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines assembled in Bangkok and marked on the Bangkok Declaration to pronounce the foundation of ASEAN. These five nations were accounted as unique individuals from ASEAN, and the new individuals from ASEAN are Brunei (January 8, 1984), Vietnam (July 28, 1995), Laos (July 23, 1997), Myanmar (July 23, 1997), and Cambodia (April 30, 1999) (ASEAN-JAPAN Center). Indonesia would one say one is of the dads of ASEAN, so how does Indonesia work in ASEAN? Job of Indonesia in ASEAN Since ASEAN was looked for on August 8, 1967, ASEAN focused on Indonesias provincial global relations. ASEAN was made by Indonesia, Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and the Philippines and occurred at Thailand. These nations assisted with diminishing intra-ASEAN struggle, sort out the ASEAN positions and shape a territorial worldwide system to encourage the monetary participation. The accomplishment of ASEAN scorched a contract with a solid establishment for foundation of an ASEAN people group and sustain ASEANs job in managing assortment of compositional changes in the worldwide collaboration. In the changing compositional of worldwide participation and difference is the job and dealing the force which can be found in Indonesia that put into term that must be commonly concurred. The possibility that foundation of the ASESAN people group, Indonesia will sting because of absence of bartering intensity of monetary and political. Indonesia was perceived since the breakdown of new r equest and financial emergency was deferred in 1997. Around then, Indonesia was viewed as an ineffectual nation in some ASEAN part nations. In any case, later on, Indonesia started to bring up its capacity again with the different achievement of reach. In the job of governmental issues and security, Indonesia turned into the head nation the actualize majority rule government in a state. Indonesia was doled out plainly at the front gatekeeper of respect and human rights also. Additionally the achievement of Indonesia is to execute a fair government so as to make Indonesia as a majority rule government nation. In the job of human rights, Indonesia is the main nation in ASEAN that has a commission on human rights. In the financial job, Indonesia started to show its monetary dependability development. This can be seen that Indonesia has ability to enable the financial emergency to better in 2008. The accomplishment of Indonesia in the financial was perceived by different nations. All th e more significantly, Indonesia was relegated as one of the G-20 individuals. Postulations achievement of Indonesia is a definitely extremely valuable resource for battle for Indonesias national intrigue, for ASEAN as well as universal open. In ASEAN, Indonesian started to propose the foundation of an ASEAN people group that relies upon financial collaboration, yet additionally different parts which ought to be viewed as, for example, political participation and security and socio-social participation. Moreover, Indonesia is battling with numerous significant components, for example, requirement of political collaboration and security and democratization and regard for human rights which were given by the ASEAN contract. To clarify the haggling intensity of Indonesia in ASEAN, it was viewed as the start of exchange. Indonesia proposed to incorporate components of human rights and democratization yet these components were fought by all ASEAN part nations. Not long after, with a solid contention depended on the experience of vote based system and regard for human rights, these component were at last entombed contract (Foreign Affairs Blues.) Job in set up ASEAN As we have realized that Indonesia is one of the five unique nations which made ASEAN in 1967. On the off chance that we glance back at the history foundation on account of Indonesia and Malaysia war, during 1962-1966 we can see that the two nations had a contention over the production of Federal of Malaysia that occurred on the island of Borneo which called Kalimantan Island. In this war, British intruded in the contention of these different sides. The war was quite entangled which make us scarcely to accept that Indonesia consent to frame a territorial gathering with Malaysia. Be that as it may, later on, under Indonesia President Suharto, Indonesia in the long run consent to acknowledge the Malaysia. What's more, Indonesia consented to shape ASEAN in implying that Indonesia consented to acknowledge the foundation of Federation Malaysia and in addition; the strain among Indonesia and Malaysia war was not occurred any longer in 1966. All the more critically, the time of the virus wa r, ASEAN can break out effectively possessing to philosophy crash. Around then, Indonesia had an essential job to diminish this accident. Indonesia had taken part with other ASEAN part nations so as to forestall the pestilence of socialist and reinforce the ASEANs job become more grounded. A.1. Instance of Indonesia and Malaysia War The Indonesian-Malaysian showdown occurred during 1962-1966 was Indonesias political and against to the foundation of Malaysia. It is additionally known by Indonesian and Malaysian name Konfrontasi. The production of Malaysia was the coordination of Federation of Malaya (presently west Malaysia), Singapore and British Borneo (presently west Malaysia) in September 1963. The showdown was an undeclared war which occurred at the wilderness territory among Indonesia and East Malaysia on the island of Borneo which is known as Kalimantan in Indonesia. Yet, Sabah and Sarawak were strict, ethnic, and political assortment and there were some zone which against to joint Malaysia that Indonesia endeavor to misuse. Inferable from the way that landscape in Borneo was testing and there were a couple of streets, the two sides rely upon infantry and air transport. The British and Malaysian military gave a principle component of the exertion with played by Australian armed force, naval force aviation based armed forces from consolidated Far East Strategic Reserve. Right off the bat, Indonesian overran into East Malaysia depended on nearby volunteers prepared by Indonesian armed force. The significant military powers went to Malaysia were British yet, their first exercises were fruitless. At that point, the British responded to expand Indonesian exercises. In 1965 British started to change over activity into Indonesian Kalimantan under the code name Operation Claret. In the interim, Indonesia had minimal military into west Malaysia. The hour of August 1966, under Indonesia President Suhartos ascend to control. In the long run, a harmony understanding affected Indonesia and afterward Indonesia acknowledged the presence of Malaysia. Job in look after ASEAN Indonesia is an older sibling of ASEAN, it reacts a great deal so that keeps up the connections among the individuals from ASEAN. Indonesia engaged with the Cambodia and Thailand question. On the off chance that Cambodia-Thailand region contest, Indonesia, administrator of ASEAN, requests that the two gatherings sit and talk so as to look for the arrangement. After arrange ordinarily, the conflict despite everything happened and the circumstance still more terrible. Reacting to this issues Indonesia had look for an understanding which Indonesia sent onlookers to struggle zone so as to forestall fire. The issue was never fathomed until Cambodia approached UN for help. It demonstrated that Indonesia neglected to tackle the issue. Truly, it is correct Indonesia neglected to take care of the issue, yet it isn't Indonesias botches; It is a direct result of the global law must regard to the state power and ASEAN too. ASEAN is territorial gathering and it havent enough force yet to intercede in its individuals struggle. Notwithstanding the disappointment of taking care of the issue, the present of Indonesia in this question is extremely significant on the grounds that until the debate end it spared numerous life that live along the border.This disappointment experience will impact emphatically on our future ASEAN. Interest of Indonesia in the splendid fate of ASEAN Indonesia can be call an older sibling of ASEAN due to it populace, size of an area and furthermore situated in one of the busiest exchange course the world called Malacca. Indonesia isn't just an individual from ASEAN, yet in addition an individual from G20 which make more voice of ASEAN in the gathering of rich nations submit and bring AS

Community service Essays - Civil Society, Free Labor, Volunteerism

A few people accept that unpaid network administration ought to be an obligatory piece of secondary school programs (for instance working for a foundation, improving the area or instructing sports to more youthful youngsters). Whatever degree do you concur or oppose this idea? I am an absolutely positive advocator for the possibility that secondary school understudies ought to do some chipping in network administration as a necessary piece of their standard educational program. This purpose of my view is bolstered by the accompanying reasons. For one, it will be useful for understudies to develop a superior comprehension of the network they live with by reasonable way and afterward build up their thinking about the general public all in all and the individuals who live in. subsequently they can grow up as a conventional resident with feeling of sympathy when more seasoned. Additionally, it has been normally perceived that doing such network benefits as chipping in instructing or noble cause work, is strategy for realizing which has been viewed as an enhancement of the present tutoring framework. In contrast to information instruction, understudies will have increasingly physical work to do which has been demonstrated to assume a huge job of sustaining their administration abilities and relational abilities that will assist them with involving in the general public later on after their graduation. On that term, it is no uncertainty a fundamental piece of sel f-advancement. Be that as it may, there are some sensible concerns appeared for this activity. A few guardians stress that it may prompted a contention with other principle subject with the restricted time and capacity of human examination. In the interim, it is a test for the understudy to make sense of the genuine importance behind for doing such unpaid assistance and afterward become an exercise in futility. it certainly have the likelihood to happen, by one way or another on the off chance that we attempt to make the circumspect course of action and do some guided guidance ahead, these anticipated issue can be fixed positively. No questions, to cause the unrest to occur in a positive manner need our instructors to invest additional energy. By one way or another it is certainly worth to go after the more splendid viewpoint for the world. All things considered, the time has come to give a support to the pioneer instructive endeavor.

Real Beauty Sketches Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 27

Genuine Beauty Sketches - Assignment Example Reiterations can either be of indistinguishable or practically indistinguishable words. The expression ‘Do you think you are more lovely than you say† has been rehashed severally in this film. The film additionally finishes with a comparable expression, ‘you are more lovely than you think’. Different words from this film, as utilized by the outsiders delineate the rule of paired resistance. Every lady portrays themselves in a dominatingly negative manner. Outsiders utilize various expressions, for example, ‘protruding jaw’, ‘big forehead’, and ‘rounder face’ to mean indeed the very same trademark and to reply to the expression ‘Tell me about your chin’. Some redundancy inside this film is basic to the subject of the crusade. ‘you are more wonderful than you think’ has been rehashed severally to make it known to the ladies that they are more lovely than they might suspect, as delineated from the more odd's perspectives.  The things we catch wind of us from others may not be of any significance. A few ladies depicted their jaw from what they were told for example, ‘my mother disclosed to me I had a major jaw’.

The Influence of Social Media - Free Essay Example

The influence of social media can negatively impact child development. Use of social media networks exposes young children and teens to violence, vulgar language, and inappropriate content. One must consider the influence of such media devices and the effect they they have on childrens overall well-being. Digital technology may affect social and emotional development because children are losing the ability to communicate effectively face-to face. Parental relationships are often replaced by those of peer groups. With the increase in technological advances, children today need additional support due to the pressures of an ever changing modern society (Taylor, 2013). The network of friendships have changed due to technological advancements and have evolved into social relationships, some built entirely online (using a multitude of media devices like laptops, cell phones, tablets, etc.). Ever increasing technology and its potentially harmful effects on children and teens is alarming (Strasburger, Hogan, and Mulligan, 2013). Screen time, whether it is television usage, online gaming or social media, SMTs are allowing children to connect daily (often from their bedrooms), to internet-connected sites that may not be appropriate for children. Who is in control in the home? Parents need to establish a family home use plan for all media (Onlinelibrary.wiley.com, 2018).The ramifications of this distancing are profound. Less connection †the real kind† means that families arent able to build relationships as strong as they could be nor are they able to maintain them as well. As a result, children will feel less familiarity, comfort, trust, security, and, most importantly, love from their parents. There is also less sharing which means that parents know less about what is going on in their childrens lives and, consequently, have less ability to exert influence over them. Parents are also less able to not only offer appropriate supervision and guidance, but, at a more basic level, they are less able to model healthy behavior, share positive values, and send good messages to their children (Huff Post, 2013).Social media, television, and video games are powerful influences and present many risks to our children. The rapid expansion of gaming systems and social media are pushing aside traditionals forms of interpersonal communication. Children and teens are no longer communicating one-on-one, but through social media devices, discouraging personal connectivity to one another. In turn, self esteem may suffer in adolescents and teens due to the ways they are acquiring their daily information and news (Ahn, 2011, p. 1438-1440). Critical to all children is identity development, quality friendships and relationships, and proper affiliation with peers (Shapiro and Margolin, 2013). The gaming industry is big business and has a lock on children and young adults growing up this technologically wired world. There should be an outcry from the general public about how these gaming and social media sites are harming adolescent psychosocial development and affecting interpersonal relationships. Generally, most sites encourage keeping in touch with friends, setting up plans, and meeting to meet new friends, just like traditional methods of forming relationships. Today, however, the ways that adolescents communicate with each other is not personal interaction, but instead through social networking. Hiding behind the screens, many never meeting face-to-face. All children want to feel accepted and appreciated, but unfortunately, some are gaining that acceptance in some dangerous online forums (chat rooms, email, instant messaging, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and SnapChat). In many cases, SMT (Social Media Technologies), can cause depression due to suppressed emotions and limited face-to-face social contact and interaction with peers and adults (Best et.al., 2014). Finally, what will lasting effect of social media technology on adolescent development? Further research is required in this area and additional studies will be conducted to determine the impact of social media technologies and its impact on child development. It is a complicated subject; the way social media is negatively transforming childrens lives. Constant bombardment and an over stimulation of media devices is keeping young children and teens socially connected on a daily basis. Radesky, Schumacher, and Zuckerman (2015) found that technology is not purposely trying to make children act out aggressively or ruin relationships with peers and parents, but the research proves that social media technologies are doing more harm than good.

You Shouldnt Even Think About Buying a Research Paper

Its the night before your paper is due, and you havent even started. Are you tempted to go online to buy a ready-made project? Dont do it! This could ruin your academic career. Here are a few things to know about buying a paper. 1. It is plagiarism, which is an academic crime. Plagiarism comes in many forms, but the basic definition is claiming credit for work that is not your own. The punishment for plagiarism is different from place to place, but every college or high school should have an honor code to deal with academic crime.2. Chances are, youll get caught. Teachers are pretty smart. If you turn in a paper that you didnt write, there will be lots of things about that paper to tip off your teacher. The tone and the research will not match your past work. As for college professors—please! These people research for a living. Dont try to outsmart someone who went to college for eight or ten years! Theyll catch on.3. The work is not reliable. Of course, the web site that offers great papers will claim the work is original and reliable. That is advertising. Dont believe it! The sources could be fake, the research could be sloppy, and the format wont match the assignment.4. Papers are sold and re-sold . Just imagine turning in a paper that the teacher has seen before!5. A fake paper wont match the assignment. If you buy a paper, it probably wont match the teachers assignment exactly. Teachers often word their assignments in a way to make them less generic, so students cant cheat.6. There is software for catching plagiarism. Many university faculty have access to software that scans papers and compares them to thousands of papers available on the web.7. Sometimes, parts of papers are used in several papers. People who write papers to sell often use the same phrases or sentences in many different papers. You could buy a paper that is guaranteed to be one-of-a-kind, but that paper could still contain phrases from other papers. Plagiarism software will pick up on this!8. It costs a lot of money! Do you really want to spend a hundred dollars or so, just to get out of an assignment? Is it worth the risk?9. Its not worth the risk. Students are kicked out of school for plagiarism or hono r code violations all the time. Once that happens, its on record for good. There goes your future.10. You wont learn anything! Seriously. When you cheat at school or college, youre really only cheating yourself. Sound cheesy? Just think about it. Youre going to have lots more assignments in the future, and you cant buy your way out of all of them. It will catch up with you, one way or another. Â   Take a Cheating Quiz!

The Drug And Alcohol Addiction - 2967 Words

Many drug addicts go back and forth into the correctional system due to their drug and alcohol addiction. They are suffering from an addiction that they need help in overcoming, or else they will find themselves getting it the best way they know how. They will prey on the community by robbing and stealing to support their habit. The question is should they go to jail or should they get help for this habit? The answer is quite simple they should be offered help within the justice system to help deter crimes in the community. But in order to do this the offender must be willing to take the first step in gaining recovery from this addiction by admitting he or she has a problem. This will allow him or her help needed to overcome this addiction. Many offenders have been arrested over and over again to support a habit that they need to feed, and it seems like a waste of time and effort in trying to get help from a drug treatment program that they have to pay for, because they can’t afford it. Many drug treatment centers are too expensive, that it turns away the drug addicts that are in need of help and are crying out for the help. It seems like they would have to get arrested for the problem in order for it to be paid for, there is no way around it. Some drug programs ask for medical insurance, and many offenders do not have medical insurance let along afford to pay for it. Therefore, they continue to use drugs and alcohol due to no form of support or help unless they get arrestedShow MoreRelatedAddiction : Drugs And Alcohol1001 Words   |  5 PagesAddiction in Many Forms Addiction is very commonly associated with drugs and alcohol. Addiction is not only related to drugs or alcohol, but it is also tied with things and activities. Addiction to drugs or alcohol are quite similar yet slightly different to addictions to activities and other things. Addiction to drugs and alcohol over time leads to a buildup of tolerance causing the user to need more of what they are addicted to in order to experience the same or more of an effect than they onceRead MoreThe Drug Of Alcohol Addiction898 Words   |  4 Pagesthe drug industry, especially America. Many people are finding ways to obtain the substances and use them for either good or bad. America has drugs to make you feel better or to forget how sad you are. Alcohol, being the most popular of the drug list, is the most abused drug in the world. I have chosen alcohol because alcohol addiction has been dealt in my family and I know a little about this substance. It has been said that it is three to four times higher to know someone with an alcohol addictionRead MoreAddiction : Drugs And Alcohol976 Words   |  4 PagesAddiction in Many Forms Addiction is commonly associated with drugs and alcohol. Addiction is not only related to drugs or alcohol, but it is also tied to things and activities. Addiction to drugs or alcohol are quite similar, but in some respects, slightly different to addictions to activities and other things. Addiction to drugs and alcohol, over time, leads to a buildup of tolerance. Tolerance causes the user to need more of what they are addicted to in order to experience an equal or increasedRead MoreAddiction : Drugs And Alcohol1001 Words   |  5 PagesAddiction in Many Forms Addiction is awfully commonly associated with drugs and alcohol. Addiction is not only related to drugs or alcohol, but it is also tied with things and activities. Addiction to drugs or alcohol are quite similar yet slightly different to addictions to activities and other things. Addiction to drugs and alcohol over time leads to a buildup of tolerance, causing the user to need more of what they are addicted to in order to experience the same or more of an effect than theyRead MoreDrug and Alcohol Addiction2900 Words   |  12 PagesRunning Head: DRUG ALCOHOL ADDICTION Drug Alcohol Addiction Even though drug and alcohol addiction is the repeated and excessive use of drugs and alcohol to achieve a certain effect, which involves two components: physical and psychological dependency, they both can be treated. The cause of substance abuse is examined through several studies which showed drugs and alcohol are used to get relief from untreated mentalRead MoreAlcohol And Drug Addiction : Drugs1498 Words   |  6 Pages Alcohol and Drug Addiction Xinge Xu University of Toronto Throughout the vast history of mankind, alcohol has always been a popular and controversial topic. Unlike other illegal drugs with strict rules, alcohol seems to be a more universal and socially acceptable drink. In fact, it is the most widely used drug substance in the world. However, with the gradually increasing amount of problems associated with alcohol, people should weigh and examine the medicinalRead MoreDrugs, Alcohol, And Addiction Unit1486 Words   |  6 PagesDrug, Alcohol, and Addiction Unit Lesson One: Introduction to Alcohol Learning Objective: By the end of the lesson the students should have a good grasp on the fact that when you put alcohol in your body you can’t do things you normally would be able to do. Activity: Dollar Bill Jump Concept: When you are under the influence of some drugs, you have the belief that you can accomplish certain tasks when in reality you can’t. This activity sounds so easy that everyone thinks they could do it. HoweverRead MoreThe Problem Of Drug And / Alcohol Addiction858 Words   |  4 PagesIn a world where addiction is a somewhat ‘taboo’ topic, it is hard to open up and converse with perspective employers, on what issues you have in your personal world. Thank God for the chance to heal a large part of those issues prior to seeking new employment. (And, I suggest that you do) Recovery from drug and/or alcohol addiction is not easy as it is, so it is immensely imperative that you make the necessary considerations before looking to jump head first into the workforce again. Yes, thereRead MoreThe Effects Of Drug And Alcohol Addiction3284 Words   |  14 Pagesstudying multiple papers that have assessed the genetic contribution to addiction of drugs and alcohol, it is easy to show that genetics does have a major influence. Some people are born with a predisposition to become addicts, but genetics does not determine if you will become one. Environmental factors do show some effects as to whether the genes responsible for certain behaviors or tendencies are expressed to the point of addiction. By looking at twins, we can see that genetics can have a direct affectRead MoreDrug And Alcohol Abuse And Addiction1845 Words   |  8 PagesDrug and alcohol abuse and addiction contribute to the largest portion of all crime, and this correlation is the leading culprit to induce crime. (Goode, 2012) Although there is a common knowledge of drug and alcohol abuse, drug and alcohol abuse or addiction contributes to the largest portion of all crime, and this correlatio n is the foremost culprit to induce crime. Across the United States and throughout the world there is an epidemic of epic proportion involving drug and alcohol addiction. Addiction

A Story of Friendship Essay Example For Students

A Story of Friendship Essay Friendship is not something you learn in school. But if you havent learned the meaning of friendship, you really havent learned anything. When I was young, I never knew the true meaning of friendship. All the people that were around me were my relatives, so I never cared about having friends. As I grew up, I found myself alone even though I had a big family and many cousins. I didnt have that special friend who I could hang out with and tell everything to. When I was ten years old, I got really depressed because I didnt have any friends and my parents didnt know what to do to take me out of my depression. After a while, we knew that we were coming to the US; this made me busy and forget about my depression for the rest of the time that we were in Jordan. On November 19 2007, I arrived to the United States leaving no friends behind me. It was harder and harder to make friends when I couldnt speak any English. My life completely changed when I met my best friend a year later. Coincidently, the girl who I met at tutoring session during summer and thought she was the most arrogant person on this earth became my best friend. At first, I used to hate her and she used to hate me for no particular reason. We use to give each other the dirtiest look and I use to say to myself who does she think she is. We both speak the same language so it was easy for the teacher to introduce us to each other. I said to myself OMG I dont want to talk to her but anyways I had to. I said hi and she replied with the same word but I heard it with a hatred voice. After that, we never talked during the entire tutor session. In the fall of my freshmen year, I met her at Western High School. We had a lot of classes together. When I saw her next to me in economics class. I was like OH NO not again!! How am I going to stand her the whole year? Then, my cousin went and introduced herself and they both started talking. I felt that I misjudged her and that she was really nice. I went up to her and told her, Hi, you remember me? She said yes, of course we went to the same tutoring sessions last summer. Since that day, we became friends and helped each other in schoolwork. As the year went on, we were best friends and like sisters. Our families became so close to each other as well. I have many memories with her that I will never forget. One of my favorite memories is I remember one time our teacher told us you guys are like magnet even when I separated both of you, you still found a way to talk to each other. Yet we still fight a lot and argue about many things just like any two best friends. You will always see us arguing about anything but at the end of the day, we forget everything that happened. We are like Tom and Jerry always fighting yet cant stand a day without each other. Most of our high school and even now in college teacher dont get us because we argue and fight but by the end of the hour, theyll see us laughing and joking like nothing had happened. Some teachers and even our friends have told us that we are crazy. We support each other no matter what happens. She always tells me you are the sister I always wished to have and even if I had one I would not love her as much as I love you.

Sonno Joi, Restore The Emperor And Expel The Barbarians, Essays

Sonno joi, "Restore the Emperor and expel the Barbarians," was the battle cry that ushered in the Showa Restoration in Japan during the 1930's.Footnote1 The Showa Restoration was a combination of Japanese nationalism, Japanese expansionism, and Japanese militarism all carried out in the name of the Showa Emperor, Hirohito. Unlike the Meiji Restoration, the Showa Restoration was not a resurrection of the Emperor's powerFootnote2, instead it was aimed at restoring Japan's prestige. During the 1920's, Japan appeared to be developing a democratic and peaceful government. It had a quasi-democratic governmental body, the Diet,Footnote3 and voting rights were extended to all male citizens.Footnote4 Yet, underneath this seemingly placid surface, lurked momentous problems that lead to the Showa Restoration. The transition that Japan made from its parliamentary government of the 1920's to the Showa Restoration and military dictatorship of the late 1930s was not a sudden transformation. Liberal forces were not toppled by a coup overnight. Instead, it was gradual, feed by a complex combination of internal and external factors. The history that links the constitutional settlement of 1889 to the Showa Restoration in the 1930s is not an easy story to relate. The transformation in Japan's governmental structure involved; the historical period between 1868 and 1912 that preceded the Showa Restoration. This period of democratic reforms was an underlying cause of the militarist reaction that lead to the Showa Restoration. The transformation was also feed by several immediate causes; such as, the downturn in the global economy in 1929Footnote5 and the invasion of Manchuria in 1931.Footnote6 It was the convergence of these external, internal, underlying and immediate causes that lead to the military dictatorship in the 1930's. The historical period before the Showa Restoration, 1868-1912, shaped the political climate in which Japan could transform itself from a democracy to a militaristic state. This period is known as the Meiji Restoration.Footnote7 The Meiji Restoration of 1868 completely dismantled the Tokugawa political order and replaced it with a centralized system of government headed by the Emperor who served as a figure head.Footnote8 However, the Emperor instead of being a source of power for the Meiji Government, became its undoing. The Emperor was placed in the mystic position of demi-god by the leaders of the Meiji Restoration. Parliamentarians justified the new quasi-democratic government of Japan, as being the "Emperor's Will." The ultra-nationalist and militaristic groups took advantage of the Emperor's status and claimed to speak for the Emperor.Footnote9 These then groups turned the tables on the parliamentarians by claiming that they, not the civil government, represented the "Imperial Will." The parliamentarians, confronted with this perversion of their own policy, failed to unite against the militarists and nationalists. Instead, the parliamentarians compromised with the nationalists and militarists groups and the general populace took the nationalists' claims of devotion to the Emperor at face value, further bolstering the popularity of the nationalists.Footnote10 The theory of "Imperial Will" in Japan's quasi-democratic government became an underlying flaw in the government's democratic composition. It was also during the Meiji Restoration that the Japanese economy began to build up its industrial base. It retooled, basing itself on the western model. The Japanese government sent out investigators to learn the ways of European and American industries.Footnote11 In 1889, the Japanese government adopted a constitution based on the British and German models of parliamentary democracy. During this same period, railroads were constructed, a banking system was started and the samurai system was disbanded.Footnote12 Indeed, it seemed as if Japan had successfully made the transition to a western style industrialized state. Almost every other non-western state failed to make this leap forward from pre-industrial nation to industrialized power. For example, China failed to make this leap. It collapsed during the 1840s and the European powers followed by Japan, sought to control China by expropriating its raw materials and exploiting its markets. By 1889, when the Japanese ConstitutionFootnote13 was adopted, Japan, with a few minor setbacks, had been able to make the transition to a world power through its expansion of colonial holdings.Footnote14 During the first World War, Japan's economy and colonial holdings continued to expand as the western powers were forced to focus on the war raging in Europe. During the period 1912-1926, the government continued on its democratic course. In 1925, Japan extended voting rights to all men and the growth of the merchant class continued.Footnote15 But these democratic trends, hid the fact that it was only the urban elite's who were benefiting from the growing industrialization. The peasants, who outnumbered the urban population were touched little by the momentous changes this lead to discontent in a majority of the populace. During the winter of 1921-1922, the Japanese government participated in a conference

Adolescent abortion essays

Adolescent abortion essays Less then twenty-five years ago, any women who elected to terminate her pregnancy usually had to resort to illegal, unsanitary, and unsafe means. Abortion was frequently considered a criminal offense committed by the woman and the physician performing the procedure. The Supreme Court cases leading to the legalization of abortion began in 1963 with Griswold v. Connecticut. The court invalidated a Connecticut statute that made possession and use of contraceptives by married couples a criminal offense. The case of Griswold was later expanded to encompass the womans right not only to prevent but also to terminate her pregnancy. In the case of Roe v. Wade, the court held that state regulation of womans access to abortion at all times during her pregnancy is impermissible. In finding unconstitutional a Texas statute that did not allow abortion unless it was performed to save the mothers life, the Court eliminated most restrictions on an adult womans right to an abortion. According to the book, abortion data are difficult to collect , and national statistics can only be considered estimates. The figures included in this paper are primarily based on the data provided by the Alan Guttmacher Institute (AGI). AGI data are based on national surveys of health institutions and private physicians providing abortion services. Today, about 40% of the 1.1 million pregnancies of females under the age of twenty annually are terminated by induced abortions. Nearly one-third of all abortions are done on women under the age of twenty. (Melton, 1986:41) A substantial number and proportion of abortions are obtained by teenagers. In 1981 more than 1 in 4 of the estimated 1,577,340 abortions performed were to teenagers; 6 out of 10 to 15-19 year olds were to teenagers 18-19 years of age. The chart that I included on the following page lists the number and distribution of legal abortions, abortion rates per 1,000 wo...

FE College teaching Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

FE College teaching - Case Study Example This report will first of all have an intrinsic approach to some of the literature prior to the Learning and Skills Act (2000) and the Success for All policy (2002), especially to Ann Briggs and her analysis on the role of middle managers in further education. Subsequently, following on an account of the general demographic and social variables that characterize the population of West London, we will be aiming at drawing relevant conclusions on the influence that the Learning and Skills Act and the Success for All programme has on constant improvement of teaching here. The second part of the paper will aim an unbiased approach on competition vs. collaboration between the FE College I teach in and other relevant Post Compulsory units in the area, drawing on relevant conclusions to support good practice related to quality improvement. Before the two important reforms in 2000 and 2002 previously mentioned referring to FE units, change began during the 90s, when the FE colleges in Britain were made independent of the Local Education Authority (LEA) in terms of control over finance or human resource. This meant both that the FE colleges were fully responsible both for the proper management of functions such as finance or human resource and that (especially after the creation of the Further Education Funding College in 2001) they had to managerially perform in order to be eligible for funding3. In the context of our paper, this has several different implications. First of all, we can point out towards the need for constant quality improvement and improvement of the overall performance at the FE colleges. Second of all, we note the development of a certain competition between different colleges in the same area, the need to perform well in the college evaluations and inspections and improve their ratings with the FE Funding College (relevant for our second part, referring to competition vs. collaboration between colleges). The first implication we have referred to has lead to significant literature in the area of defining the concepts of managerialism and professionalism, initially described by Lumby and Tomlinson as "oppositional cultures"4. As Briggs further points out, there are several levels of accountability that need to be remembered when referring to FE colleges and their performances. There is the political accountability (use of public funds), market accountability (responsible to the market, the customers, the stakeholders), professional or cultural accountability5. Following the Success for All program of 2002, the main goals that the program approached included a (1) reform in pattern so that it meets the future needs of learners, employers and communities, (2) a drive up of standards of further education and training and (3) to ensure that the final recipients of public funding (the FE colleges) "deliver a distinctive and effective contribution" to the Government's educational strategies6. The Learning and Skills Act of 2000 follows, more or less, the same direction (or rather lays it out), bearing additional administrative components with the creation and the definition of

The Addition of Steroids and Antibiotics in Food Research Paper

The Addition of Steroids and Antibiotics in Food - Research Paper Example This increase in production means a lot of profit for the meat and dairy product industries but on the other hand it is also risking the health of its consumers. FDA and USDA claims that these hormones (steroidal in nature) are free from any harm. Antibiotics which are also used in cattle as preventive measures or to increase the weight of the animal are also producing health concerns in the consumers of the meat and milk. Although the use of antibiotics is banned in Europe it is still legal to inject the low doses of these antibiotics in America and Canada. First we need to be acquainted with Hormones and Antibiotics and to what extent they can affect the health of its consumer. Hormones are the biochemicals produced in the body of human’s as well as animals. Even though they are released in small amounts they control the important body functions such as growth, maturity and reproduction. They are produced by special organs which function to release the hormones according to the requirement and proper timings of its release. This is called the feedback mechanism of the body which manages the amount of hormone released. If body’s requirement of the hormone is fulfilled, by negative feedback mechanism, hormone production automatically stops. Unfortunately, if these hormones are being consumed from any outside sources they can cause serious consequences as there won’t be any mechanism indicating the red alert for the overconsumption. Hormones can be of steroidal or protein in nature. Steroidal hormones remain active even if they are consumed via mouth. Whereas, protein hormones needs to be injected as they are destroyed immediately in the G.I tract (Gastrointestinal tract) by the action of acids and other secretions such as insulin hormone injections by diabetics. Hormones are being used in farm animals to increase their weight and by the use of growth hormones they grow much faster and to a larger extent. They also increase the weight of the animal even if the animal’s food consumption is reduced. In cows, hormones increase the production of milk. Approximately 22% of the Cows are being injected or fed steroidal hormones to get the desired result. Thus, the faster animal reaches to the slaughter weight, the more profitable this procedure becomes for the industries. According to European Union Scientific committee on Veterinary Measures Relating to Public Health, Potential risk to human health can be caused by the use of six types of hormones, including both synthetic and natural hormones. Natural include Oestradiol, Testosterone and Progesterone. Synthetic hormones are Melengestrol, Zeranol, Trenbolone. (Artificial Hormones, 2006). Estradiol and Progesterone are natural female sex hormone and Testosterone is male sex hormone. The other three synthetic hormones are used as growth promoters. FDA approves the use of these hormones in sheep’s and Cattle but not on poultry and Hogs. Recombinant Bovine Growth H ormones (rbGH) is being used in dairy cattle but not on beef cattle.( Consumer Concern about Hormones in Food, 2010) The Committee also put forth questions regarding the issue of such hormone injected animal consumption can cause any imbalance in human hormone system. However, FDA and USDA continuously ensures the consumers that very little amount is

Victoria’s Motorcycle Licensing Program Essay Example for Free

Victoria’s Motorcycle Licensing Program Essay Within the past year, there have been 332 fatalities in Victoria; fourteen percent of this number is composed of motorcyclists, of which only seven percent carry a motorcycle driver’s license, according to the Transport Accident Commission’s most recent annual road toll (2008). The same source lists the following as the most usual causes of motorcycle crash accidents; drunk driving, driver fatigue, and speeding which are violations to the fairly basic road safety regulations that drivers are expected to know before being given a driver’s license. However, in this case, it appears that there is a need to re-assess Victoria’s current licensing program to answer the question: Is the current process for obtaining a motorcycle driver’s license in Victoria effective in promoting road safety? This proposal will be presented according to an Evaluation Plan template (Educational Psychology and Instructional Technology, n. d. ) which lists the following elements necessary in a successful program evaluation: a background of the program; a specification of the evaluation’s purpose; an outline of the limitations, ethical considerations, and decisions which the evaluation would affect; a list of evaluation questions expanding on the research question; and lastly a rationale of the methodology and sampling techniques that will be used. Background In 1938, the rising road toll in Victoria spurred the state to form a separate entity which would govern road safety management it was set back because of WWII but was picked up afterwards. This eventually led to the formation of VicRoads in 1989. At present, VicRoads is in charge of â€Å"Victoria’s arterial road network, implement road safety strategies and programs and provide vehicle registration† and providing the state with a driver licensing service (VicRoads, 2008). According to their website, the following requirements need to be fulfilled in order to qualify for a motorcycle license: 1. must be at least 18 years old 2. has a current learner’s permit for at least 3 months 3. has passed the eyesight test, motorcycle license skills assessment, and hazard perception test VicRoads currently employs 2700 people overseeing these functions. Purpose For the purpose of assessing the efficiency of Victoria’s current motorcycle licensing program a process-based evaluation â€Å"geared to fully understanding how it [program] works† (McNamaran, n. d. ), is the most logical choice. According to Rossi (1999): â€Å"Program process evaluation is a form of evaluation designed to describe how a program is operating and assess how well it performs its intended functions. It builds on program process theory which identifies the critical components, functions, and relationships assumed necessary for the program to be effective (p. 89). † Michael Quinn Patton’s Utilization Focused Evaluation Checklist (2002) would also be used as a guideline for program assessment, evaluator assessment, and identification of users which would also determine respondent sampling. The aim for this evaluation is to address the need for improving the licensing program as a tool for eliminating road risks caused by preventable human errors like driving under the influence coupled with or resulting in speeding and lack of physical control over vehicles. By delving into the process of licensing, program strengths and weaknesses may be specified. Limitations It is recognized that there are other factors contributing to the dangers associated with motorcycle driving. Assessing the licensing program merely gives us a place to start since the responsibility for determining who is fit to be behind the wheel on Victorian roads falls on license evaluators and service providers like VicRoads. It would also be difficult to achieve a completely objective assessment of the program since the methods suggested in the gathering of data will primarily be from observation and survey or interview questions which are largely subject to interpretation. Gathering a sample pool consisting of license test takers, evaluators, and licensed drivers would also be a challenge given the area of Victoria, the number of licensing centers, and the mobility of test takers. It will be of great importance to preserve an objective and unbiased perspective while conducting the evaluation to ensure the greatest reliability and validity possible. A method for data gathering would also be designed to allow other evaluators who wish to test the resulting data to replicate the exact methodology used. Ethics All participants in the evaluation would be promptly informed of the purposes of the evaluation. They would also have the option for anonymity if they wish to opt for such. Personal information would be kept under strict confidentiality. If a respondent wishes to discontinue or terminate participation at any time during the process evaluation, they have every right to do so as well. Details of the methods, expected results, and projected date of completion would be provided to all respondents. Before any interview, survey, or observation takes place, a consent form would be reviewed and signed by the respondent first. Permission for observation and data gathering would also be secured from VicRoads. Process evaluators would be instructed to keep all information VicRoads wishes to keep private confidential and would not be released to the public without written permission and consent from VicRoads. Decisions That Might Be Affected by This Evaluation’s Results Revisions to the current processes might result if the evaluation findings point to inefficiencies to the current processes and procedures or if an apparent dissatisfaction with the program is discovered. Both favorable and unfavorable outcomes are expected. For example, stricter implementations for restricting drivers with debilitating medical conditions might be taken by the community as a discrimination against disabled residents but educating the community against its possible dangers will most probably be taken reasonably. Explaining that an old man with poor eyesight poses a risk to pedestrians and other motorists when given license to drive on the road should be fairly easy to comprehend. It will also be a good venue for researchers and product developers to look into redesigning vehicles which more are forgiving to drivers would certain medical conditions and would enable them to continue driving without risking themselves or the community. Perhaps more frequent license renewal or application for ex-drink drivers and speeders who previously already had their license suspended or revoked should reduce the state’s problems with drink driving and speeding by making it particularly tedious or expensive to regain their right to driving on the road. This should of course be in collaboration with the states penalties for violators who drive without licenses. Evaluation Questions To give more definition to our research question about the effectiveness and efficiency of Victoria’s motorcycle licensing program, more specific questions have been listed below. The process evaluation aims to answer the following questions: 1. Since the implementation of Victoria’s motorcycle licensing program, has the number of the states motorcycle fatalities been lowered? 2. Do the tests and requirements for getting a motorcycle driver’s license prepare prospective drivers for Victorian roads by educating them of the state’s road regulations and road safety rules? 3. Are the current tests enough in screening a driver’s road competency? 4. The current tests are mostly skills assessment, shouldn’t there be a test designed to predict a driver’s emotional and intellectual stability that would screen out would-be drink drivers and speeders? How would license test takers react? 5. Are the tests objective, reliable, valid, and consistent? How does the current process prevent bias from affecting results? Are the same procedures followed for all centers and applied for each individual? 6. Do license test takers view the program as necessary? Do they approve of the process or are there improvements they would like to see made? Methodology Given the nature of the evaluation, the following methods will be used in the collection and gathering of data: acquiring statistical figures, implementing surveys and questionnaires, interviews, and first-hand observation. Acquiring statistical data about the number of motorcycle fatalities since 1989 when the licensing program was first implemented would be interpreted to determine if the program has been effective in lowering the states road toll. It would also determine what percentage of said fatalities is attributable to lack of education or human error. Surveys and questionnaires would be used for gathering personal information from license test takers especially on their opinions of the program’s relevance and effectiveness. It would also be used to ask for suggestions for improvement from the program’s end users. Interviews with the license evaluator in each of VicRoads’ licensing facilities would be done to acquire more insight to the actual process from the clients’ point of view. It also aims to get the license evaluator’s personal experiences and opinions regarding the licensing process. Lastly, on-site observations would be implemented to see the program in action first-hand. It will be used to evaluate the program’s reliability, validity, consistency, and objectivity. It will determine if there are differences in the practice between centers which would greatly affect a license test takers results. It would also try to measure effectiveness and see if the process is implemented as intended. Sample Choosing respondents would be done randomly for the test takers and licensed drivers. For license evaluators, however, since their number is relatively smaller than that of the license takers and drivers, the aim is to correspond with each evaluator in all of the licensing centers or if this is not possible, to interview with as many evaluators as permitted by the resources. Letters will be sent out to randomly selected licensed drivers with survey questionnaires attached. Instructions for sending responses back would also be detailed in the letter. For survey questions where the respondent’s answers are vague or unspecified, a call would be made for clarification. The aim for the sample population of license test takers should at least be thirty percent of the total number of test takers in the same time it takes to complete an application for a license up to the actual claiming of a motorcycle driver’s license. These respondents should be a healthy representation of each stage of the process: those who are about to apply for a license, those who are in the process of acquiring a license, and those who are there claiming their actual license. Survey Questions for Both License Test Takers and Licensed Drivers Not all questions need to be answered. Respondents would be asked to answer only questions which apply to them. 1. How do you rate the requirements needed for licensing? Do you think they are necessary and reasonable? 2. With the preparation you’ve been given before, after, and during the test, would you say you are confident with your driving competency? 3. Were you properly educated of the state’s road regulations and safety rules? 4. How would you react if the state required you to undergo psychological testing to measure your emotional and intellectual stability before granting you a motorcycle license? 5. Do you believe the test is fair and unbiased? If not, what led you to say so? 6. Is the licensing program contributing to the decrease in the number of crash fatalities? What would you suggest for improvements? Interview Questions for License Evaluators 1. How would you rate the program’s effectiveness? Is there anything you wish to improve? 2. How do you make sure that your basis for approving or denying an individual his motorcycle driver’s license is free from bias and is reliable and valid? Follow-up questions depending on the respondent’s answers would also be used to gain depth in the answer. Observation Guidelines 1. Compare the processes from center to center. Enumerate the steps and determine if there are delineations from the prescribed process. 2. Compare the implementation of tests for each individual test taker. Is everyone undergoing identical tests and procedures? 3. Pay attention to the interaction between the test taker and the evaluator. Does their relationship affect the license test result? Timeline The projected completion date for this process evaluation is six months, enough to cover all centers and complete the data gathering. Within the said time frame an analysis of data would be passed along with a prescription for action. The timeline should go as follows: †¢ Definition of evaluation plan and design †¢ State permission and random sample pool †¢ Simultaneous interviews, surveys, and observations †¢ Analysis of data †¢ Prescription for a plan of action References Davidson, E. J. (2004. ) Evaluation methodology basics: The nuts and bolts of sound evaluation. Sage. Retrieved on September 1, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://books. google. com/books? id=ePfuba9tDbECprintsec=frontcoverdq=evaluation+methodologysig=ACfU3U2xBnA9EO2s1nLt8by60FdZmv3y1g#PPR7,M1 Educational Psychology and Instructional Technology. (n. d. ) Evaluation plan template. Retrieved on September 1, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://it. coe. uga. edu ~treeves/edit8350/EPT. html Mcnamara, C. (n. d. ). Basic guide to program evaluation. Free Management Library. Retrieved on September 1, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://www. managementhelp. org/ evaluatn/fnl_eval. htm#anchor1575679 Patton, M. Q. (2002). Utilization-focused evaluations checklist. Evaluation Checklist Project. Retrieved on September 1, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://www. wmich. edu/ evalctr/checklists/ufe. pdf Rossi, P. H. , H. E. Freeman, et al. (1999). Evaluation: a systematic approach (6th ed. ). Thousand Oaks, Calif, Sage Publications Chapter 6

Reasons I am Pro-choice Essay --

â€Å"God send us someone to cure cancer, AIDS, etc., etc.† â€Å"I did but you aborted them.† Abortion is a very serious topic that is separated by two groups pro-life or pro-choice who often argue on what is fair. Pro-choice is the people who believe it is the woman’s choice to choose if she wants an abortion or not. They don’t think the fetus is a human until a certain point in the pregnancy. Pro-life is when people believe that getting an abortion is killing a human being with rights. They want abortion to be illegal whether the woman wants one or not. Even though some say that having an abortion is killing an innocent baby and that it brings on many problems later in life, many pregnant women are not ready to have a child and some just do not want kids and they should have the right to get an abortion. If abortion was made illegal many would turn to â€Å"back-alley abortions† which are done in unsafe ways and it could result in more fatalitie s. It is common for anti-choicer to claim that having an abortion can lead to many complications in the future. Some say that having an abortion if you have been pregnant before increases the chances of breast cancer significantly but research found that this was not true. It is also said that having an abortion can lead to several disorders like depression, being bipolar and abuse of drugs and alcohol. Although it is a possibility, the original test was faulty because the subjects were not screened before hand to see if they already had the disorders. Others may say that an abortion is more dangerous that giving birth even when preformed by a professional. In reality, carrying a pregnancy to turn can be 10 times more dangerous than having an abortion but having an abortion still has it’s risk. In ... ...to many problems in the future but if abortion was illegal it would only worsen the conditions and number of fatalities. The complications that are given are often untrue and used to try and make a women change her decision. Young women get pregnant and often do not want the child because they are still getting their life in order and planning for the future. Other women may not want children because of the money, time, and responsibility needed to take care of a child. If in the future abortions are made illegal the amount of deaths because of unsafe abortion methods used when a women is desperate for one. â€Å"God send us someone to cure cancer, AIDS, etc., etc.† â€Å"I did but you forced her to carry an unwanted pregnancy to term, forcing her to become a single mother with limited income, having to sacrifice her college dreams in order to provide for her unwanted child.†

Current Issues on Bullying Essay

In all actuality I really think what’s causing children to bully and fight each other at school and when there is no authority taking place these days is because the media! Children watch TV and most have access to the internet every day. The shooting and violent video games they play are teaching and brain washing are kids to think and react the way they are now. The only way possible to cut down on bullying is to have parents that care. Have parents’ that are watching and knowing their children’s every day lives and what goes on in them. Just by asking â€Å"how was your day† shows your child that you are interested in what went on who’s who and what’s what. There is also a new way of what we call cyber bulling in this day and age, no longer is it in the school yard but now in your child’s bedroom with the door closed and him/her taking the punches and stabs while you don’t even know it. My mother as a child would always monitor my internet usage and what websites I would go on and who I would be communicating with at all times. I thank her f or that because I could have been a victim of cyber bullying. What kids don’t seem to understand is the ones who are doing the bullying it is so easy to sit at their computer and type the words not knowing what the other person that is being bullied is going through or feeling or expressions. So in closing I feel that where the correction starts on kids bulling is in the home and with the parents one on one always in the â€Å"know†. Sometimes its good to be the childs friend so they can always have a mom/dad to tell them when they are feeling angry, hostile or even being the one who’s being hurt.

Effective Communication And Health Care Teams - 1308 Words

Effective communication dramatically enhances the success of health care teams. Effective communication presents many positive implications for health care teams, including enhanced patient and team morale (O’Daniel Rosenstein, 2008, p. 273). Despite the positives of effective communication many health care teams are still presented with constant communication breakdown which can lead to detrimental outcomes for the patient and the team (Costa Lusk, 2017, p. 129). Communication breakdown will often undermine the success of health care teams. For the purpose of this essay multidisciplinary health care teams will be the focus as they are heavily dependent upon communication between all individual team members. Communication occurs in†¦show more content†¦46). Effective communication within health care teams has been found to enhance patient care, with more effective and timely interventions being demonstrated for the patient, decreasing the period of their hospital stay, decreasing mortality, improving quality of life and decreasing health care costs (Sibbald et al., 2013, p. 129; Ellingson, 2002, p. 10). Health care teams that demonstrate positive communication skills have increased team morale and increased overall individual, patient and family satisfaction (O’Daniel Rosenstein, 2008, p. 273). Effective communication significantly decreases the ability for medical errors to occur as all team members understand their roles in patient care, providing more efficient and continuous care for the patient (O’Daniel Rosenstein, 2008, p. 279). Good communication maintains clarity within the team and an understanding of client and team goals, allowing everyone to work eff iciently towards the common goal (Mundt et al., 2016, p. 2). 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